Earthquakes
•Chapter Review
The land between two normal faults may be uplifted to form a …
Fault block mountain
A fold in rock that bends upward into
an arch
Anticline
The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake
Focus
S waves are also known as …
Secondary
waves
The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the
ground like an accordion
Primary waves
Compared to P waves and S waves, surface waves move…
Slower
Which scale would most likely be used
to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes and other buildings?
Mercalli
What does a seismograph record?
The
magnitude of seismic waves
What can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake?
aftershocks
If
the Coast Guard warns
of a giant wave of water approaching the shore as a result of a major earthquake, they are warning of …
tsunami
A
building designed to
reduce the amount of energy that reaches the building during an earthquake is called a
Base-isolated building
The
best way to protect
yourself in an earthquake is to …
Drop, cover,
and hold.
Any change in the volume or shape of Earth’s crust is called
Deformation
A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level is called a
Plateau
In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?
Away from the focus
The
rating system that
estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the
Moment magnitude scale
Given a drawing
of footwall and hanging wall, be prepared to identify :
the footwall and hangingwall
the type of fault
the type of stress associated with the fault
the relative motion of the footwall and hangingwall
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